Chemoselective Coupling of 1,1-Bis[(pinacolato)boryl]alkanes for the Transition-Metal-Free Borylation of Aryl and Vinyl Halides: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Invesitigation

Yeosan Lee, Seung-yeol Baek, Jinyoung Park, Seoung-Tae Kim, Samat Tussupbayev, Jeongho Kim, Mu-Hyun Baik*, Seung Hwan Cho*

A new transition-metal-free borylation of aryl and vinyl halides using 1,1-bis[(pinacolato)boryl]alkanes as boron sources is described. In this transformation one of the boron groups from 1,1-bis[(pinacolato)boryl]alkanes is selectively transferred to aryl and vinyl halides in the presence of sodium tert-butoxide as the only activator to form organoboronate esters. Under the developed borylation conditions, a broad range of organohalides are borylated with excellent chemoselectivity and functional group compatibility, thus offering a rare example of a transition-metal-free borylation protocol. Experimental and theoretical studies have been performed to elucidate the reaction mechanism, revealing the unusual formation of Lewis acid/base adduct between organohalides and α-borylcarbanion, generated in-situ from the reaction of 1,1-bis[(pinacolato)boryl]alkanes with an alkoxide base, facilitate the borylation reactions.